Bülent YAĞMUR1 ,
Tansel KAYGISIZ2 ,
Mehmet Kadri BOZOKALFA2
1 Ege Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Bölümü, İzmir
2 Ege Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü, İzmir
Abstract
Günümüz sürdürülebilir beslenme stratejileri kapsamında; ıslah yoluyla besin içeriğinin zenginleştirilmesi gizli açlığın azaltılmasında en ekonomik ve çevre dostu yaklaşımlardan biri olarak kabul edilmektedir. Yüksek protein ve mineral madde içeriği ile öne çıkan börülce (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), beslenme kalitesinin iyileştirilmesine yönelik ıslah programlarında öncelikli baklagil türleri arasında yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada, agro-morfolojik özellikler bakımından yüksek genetik çeşitliliğe sahip 97 börülce genotipinin taze baklalarının makro ve mikro besin elementi içeriklerinin belirlenmesi, genotipler arasındaki varyasyonun ortaya konulması ve besin elementleri arasındaki ilişkilerin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Genotipler arasında istatistiksel düzeyde makro ve mikro elementlerin tamamında yüksek varyasyon belirlenmiştir. Özellikle Na, P, Fe, Mg içeriklerinde yüksek, Ca, Cu, K, Mn ve Zn içeriklerinde orta, N içeriğinde ise düşük varyasyon katsayısı hesaplanmıştır. Besin elementleri arasında saptanan pozitif ve negatif korelasyonlar mineral element birikiminin koordineli fizyolojik mekanizmalar tarafından düzenlendiğini ve çoklu mineral kalite özelliklerinin birlikte seleksiyonuna olanak sağlayabileceğini göstermiştir. Özellikle N dışındaki diğer besin elementlerinde hesaplanan orta ve yüksek düzeydeki varyasyon, Türkiye orijinli yerel börülce genetik kaynaklarının beslenme kalitesinin geliştirilmesine yönelik besin içeriği zenginleştirme programları için önemli bir genetik potansiyel taşıdığını ortaya koymuştur.
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Tansel KAYGISIZ2