The Effect of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer Applications on Agronomic and Quality Characteristics of Dill (Anethum graveolens) at Different Planting Densities

Abstract

The research was carried out in the 2023 growing season in Diyarbakır GAP International Agricultural Research and Training Center experimental area to determine the effects of different planting densities (20 and 45 cm) and fertilizer applications (control, DAP, worm, chicken and farm) on some agronomic and quality traits in dill (Anethum graveolens L.). The field experiment was carried out in randomized blocks according to the split-plot design with 3 replications. In the research, plant height (cm), number of branches (number plant^-1), number of umbels (number plant^-1), number of umbels (number plant^-1), fruit yield (kg da^-1), thousand fruit weight (g), fresh and dry herb yield (kg da^-1) and essential oil ratio (%), essential oil yield (l da^-1) and essential oil components were examined. As a result of the research; plant height was 116.20-129.53 (cm), fresh herb yield was 1106.13-2216.90 (kg da^-1), fruit yield was 149.43-277.47 kg da^-1, essential oil ratio in fruit was 2.16-2.41%, essential oil yield in fruit varied between 3.43-6.85 l da^-1. The essential oil components were determined as carvone (50.14-64.01%), limonene (23.98-31.34%), cis-dihydrocarvone (4.41-12.53%), dill apiole (5.24-7.02%), trans-dihydrocarvone (0.83-2.45%). In terms of fruit yield, the highest value (277.47 kg da^-1) was obtained from chicken manure application at 20 cm planting density and the lowest value (149.43 kg da^-1) was obtained from worm manure application at 45 cm planting density.