Regeneration of Bellevalia pseudolongipes Karabacak & Yıldırım Under in Vitro Conditions

Rukiye  GEZER; Nalan  TÜRKOĞLU; Parisa  POURALIKAHRIZ; Mahsa  POURALIKAHRIZ

doi:10.5281/zenodo.15781264

Authors

Rukiye GEZER Siirt University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Hoerticulture, Siirt https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7781-9327
Nalan TÜRKOĞLU Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Van https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2639-360X
Parisa POURALIKAHRIZ Istanbul Beykent University, Vocational School, Environmental Measurements and Monitoring Systems, Istanbul https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6420-7225
Mahsa POURALIKAHRIZ Istanbul Beykent University, Vocational School, Environmental Measurements and Monitoring Systems, Istanbul https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2471-3799

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15781264

Keywords:

South Eastern Anatolia, bulb scales, endemic species, genotypes, propagation, surface disinfection

Abstract

Profitable viable in vitro, multiplication of endemic bulbous geophyte Bellevalia pseudolongipes is challenging and is desired for commercial exploitation and conservation. This study aimed to multiply this plant species using double-scale explants using 1/4 (0.5 cm), 1/6 (0.33 cm), or 1/8 th (0.25 cm) longitudinally sliced bulb scale tissues lying in the 1st, and 2nd, clusters of B. Pseudolongipes mother bulbs. These were cultured on MS; White and Gamborg B5 media enriched with 1.11 μM - 5.44 μM BAP and 1.34 μM NAA (5 combinations) to compare the regeneration potential of fresh and 2-month stored bulb scale explants. Bulblet induction was observed on all concentrations of BAP-NAA on all culture media. MS medium modified with 1.11 μM BAP and 1.34 μM NAA induced maximum number of 3.56 bulblets explant on 0.25 cm wide two scale explants. The regeneration capability of White and Gamborg B5 medium was less compared to bulblets induced on MS medium. The biggest bulbs were observed on Gamborg B5 medium, which differed significantly from the bulblets induced on White and MS media. Treatment of regenerated bulblets with sucrose improved bulblet diameter by ~2 mm. The bulblet diameter varied between 0.42-0.83 cm. The bulblets were rooted on MS medium without using any auxin. Furthermore, the study revealed the potential of 2 scale explants from the outer cluster for multiplication and laid the groundwork for future breeding and tissue culture-based multiplication to conserve the species. The experimental results provide a useful reference for the efficacy of bulb scales for regeneration.

References

Abdelgawad, K.F., Shehata, S.A., El-Metwally, I.M., El-Desoki, E.R., El-Rokiek, K.G., Elkhawaga, F.A., 2025. Efficacy of pre-harvest weed control treatments on onion bulb storability. Scientific Reports, 15(1): 6766.

Bagherian-Shamasbi, M., Chamani, E., Hir, Y. P., Heydari, H.R., 2025. Haploid plant production and flowcytometric evaluation of Lilium ledebourii (Baker) Boiss. Scientia Horticulturae, 340: 113950.

Barpete, S., Özcan, S.F., Khawar, K.M., Özcan, S., 2016. Effect of plant growth regulators and physical factors on in vitro high-frequency regeneration of grass pea. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 26: 1087-1093.

Cassells, A.C., 2012. Pathogen and biological contamination management in plant tissue culture: phytopathogens, vitro pathogens, and vitro pests. Plant Cell Culture Protocols, 57-80.

Chapman, S.C., Chakraborty, S., Dreccer, M.F., Howden, S.M., 2012. Plant adaptation to climate change-opportunities and priorities in breeding. Crop And Pasture Science, 63(3): 251-268.

Da Silva, T.J.A., Winarto, B., Dobranszki, J., Zeng, S., 2015. Disinfection procedures for in vitro propagation of Anthurium. Folia Horticulturae, 27: 3-14.

Da Silva, J.A.T., Kulus, D., Zhang, X., Zeng, S., Ma, G., Piqueras, A., 2016. Disinfection of explants for saffron (Crocus sativus) tissue culture. Environmental and Experimental Biology, 14:183–98.

Dushimimana, C., Magomere, T.O., Hutchinson, M.J., Chemining’wa, G.N., 2025. Exploiting the potential of auxins and trans-cinnamic acid for in vitro rooting of Melia volkensii Gürke clones. In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology-Plant, 1-12.

Engelmann, F., Engels, J.M.M., 2002. Technologies and strategies for ex situ conservation. Proceedings of an İnternational Conference, 12-16 June, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, pp. 89-103.

Fett-Neto, A.G., Fett, J.P., Goulart, L.W.V., Pasquali, G., Termignoni, R.R., Fukuzaki, S., 2006. Mechanisms of actions of sodium hypochlorite in cleaning and disinfection processes. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 11:147–57.

Foden, W.B., Young, B.E., Akçakaya, H.R., Garcia, R.A., Hoffmann, A.A., Stein, B.A., Thomas, C.D., Wheatly, C.J., Bickford D, Carr, J.A., Hole, D.G. Martin, T.G., Pacifici, M., Pearce-Higgins J.W., Platts, P.J., Visconti, P, Watson, J.E.M., Huntley, B., 2019. Climate change vulnerability assessment of species. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change. 10(1): e551.

Gamborg, O.L., Miller, R., Ojima, K., 1968. Nutrient requirements of suspension cultures of soybean root cells. Experimental Cell Research, 50(1): 151-158.

Gao, S., Zhu, Y., Zhou, L., Fu, X., Lei, T., Chen, Q., Yu., X, Si, W., 2018. Sucrose signaling function on the formation and swelling of bulblets of Lilium sargentiae Wilson, E.H. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 135: 143-153.

Gowthami, R., Agrawal, A., Chander, S., Pandey, R., Sharma, N., Gupta, S., Singh, G.P., 2025. In vitro Genebank of India for safe conservation of horticultural plant diversity: four decades of milestones. Biotech, 15(1): 1-26.

Hardstaff, L.K., Funnekotter, B., Sommerville, K.D., Offord, C.A., Mancera, R.L., 2025. Advances towards ex situ conservation of critically endangered Rhodomyrtus psidioides (Myrtaceae). Plants, 14(5): 699.

Hosseini, S.H., Sadeghi, Z., Hosseini, S.V., Bussmann, R.W., 2022. Ethnopharmacological study of medicinal plants in Sarvabad, Kurdistan province, Iran. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 288: 114985.

Ilhan, D., 2021. The Evolution and genetics of Turkish Emmer Wheat (Ed: E. Yıldız, E. Yıldız Özkan). Current Academic Studies in Science and Mathematics Sciences, Livre de Lyon, France, pp. 93-107.

Karabacak, O., Yıldırım, H., Martin, E., 2014. Bellevalia pseudolongipes sp. Nov. (Asparagaceae): a new species from southeastern Anatolia, Turkey. Phytotaxa, 188(4): 209-217.

Karabacak, O., Yıldırım, H., Martin, E., 2015. Bellevalia koyuncui sp. Nova (Asparagaceae): a new species from South Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. Phytotaxa, 203(1): 081-084.

Kızıl, S., Icgil, D.Y., Khawar, K.M., 2014. Improved in vitro regeneration and propagation of Tunceli garlic (Allium tuncelianum L.). The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 89(4): 408-414.

Komai, T., Okuse, I., Harada, T., 1996. Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in culture of root segments of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L. Plant Science, 113(2): 203-208.

Koyuncu, M., 1994. Geofitler” Bilim ve Teknik, TÜBİTAK Yayını, Cilt 27; Sayı 321, Ankara.

Malik, S.K., Bansal, S., Malhotra, E.V., Singh, A.M., Singh, G.P., 2025. Indian cryogenebank conserving diverse plant genetic resources for the last three decades: Achievements and way forward. Cryobiology, 118: 105205.

Mulyati, Y., Zubaidah, S., Adiredjo, A.L., Rofiq, M., Jadid, N., Saputro, T.B., Isnawati Muhaimin, F. Farapti Sari, G.M., 2025. Salicylic acid treatment induced change in the morphological, chlorophyll content, and phytochemical traits in two rice genotypes. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 26(2).

Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiologia Plantarum, 15: 473-497.

Niedz, R.P., Bausher, M.G., 2002. Control of in vitro contamination of explants from greenhouse-and field-grown trees. In Vitro Cellular Development Biology Plant, 38: 468–71.

Özel, C.A., Ünal, F., Khawar, K.M., 2007. In vitro axillary bulblet regeneration of Turkish yellow grape hyacinth Muscari macrocarpum Sweet from twin scale explants. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, 3(6): 924-929.

Özel, C.A., Khawar, K.M., Karaman, S., Ateş, M.A., Arslan, O., 2008. Efficient in vitro multiplication in Ornithogalum ulophyllum Hand-Mazz. From twin-scale explants. Scientia Horticulturae, 116(1): 109-112.

Özel, C.A., Khawar, K.M., Arslan, O., Ünal, F., 2009. İn vitro propagation of the golden grape hyacinth (Muscari macrocarpum Sweet) from twin scale explants. Propagation of Ornamental Plants, 9(4): 169-175.

Özel, C.A., Khawar, K.M., Unal, F., 2015. Factors affecting efficient in vitro micropropagation of Muscari muscarimi Medikus using twin bulb scale. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 22(2): 132-138.

Öztürk, M., Altay, V., Keskin, M., 2025. Bioengineering of halophytes in Türkiye: a case study on the leguminous halophytes and their economic potential. in sustainable utilisation and bioengineering of halophytes. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore. pp. 169-182.

Pınar, S.M., Eroğlu, H., Fidan, M., 2016. Bellevalia behcetii sp. Nov. (Asparagaceae): a new species from South Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. Phytotaxa, 270(2): 127-136.

Raihan, T., Geneve, R.L., Perry, S.E., Rodriguez, Lopez, C.M., 2021. The regulation of plant vegetative phase transition and rejuvenation: miRNAs, a Key Regulator. Epigenomes, 18:5(4):24.

Roche, M.C., Liu, W., Hernández, R., 2025. An improved method for Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of three types of lettuce. Plants, 14(4): 620.

Şahin, B., Aslan, S., Karabacak, O., Martin, E., 2016. Bellevalia vuralii B. Şahin & Aslan (Asparagaceae): a new species from SE Turkey. Turkish Journal of Botany, 40(4): 394-401.

Saraçoğlu, S., 2024. Enrichment of trace elements by solid phase extraction method using Chromosorb-102 resin and their determination by AAS. MSc Thesis, Erciyes University, Institute of Science and Technology, Kayseri.

Anonymus, 2025. Tübives. http://www. tubives.com/ (Accessed: 10.01.2025).

Wang, L., Bai, J., Liu, Z., Jiang, Y., Wang, J., 2025. X-ray irradiation as a potential postharvest treatment for maintaining the quality of lily (Lilium davidii var. unicolor) bulbs and predicting shelf life using an artificial neural network. Food Research International, 201: 115635.

Wen, S., Cai, X., Zhou, K., Min, Y., Shang, C., Shen, L., Deng, L., Liu, D., Qiao, G., Shen, X., 2025. Metabolome and comparative genome provide insights into secondary metabolites generation of a rare karst‐growing Rhododendron in vitro culture. The Plant Journal, 121(3): e17235.

White, P.R., 1963. The cultivation of animal and plant cells. The Ronald Press, New York, USA, pp. 228.

Yolbaş, İ., 2024a. Bellevalia pseudolongipes plant: comprehensive analysis of the elemental composition and total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Black Sea Journal of Engineering and Science, 7(6): 1217-1223.

Yolbaş, İ., 2024b. Phytochemical profiling and antioxidant activity assessment of Bellevalia pseudolongipes via liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. PeerJ, 12: e18046.

Zel, J., Debeljak, N., Ucman, R., Ravnikar, M., 1997. The effect of jasmonic acid, sucrose and darkness on garlic (Allium sativum L. cv. Ptujski jesenski) bulb formation in vitro. In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology-Plant, 33(3): 231-235.

Zhang, F., Chen, S., Zhang, C., Wang, Z., Miao, J., Dai, T., Hao, J., Liu, X., 2025. PsDMAP1/PsTIP60-regulated H4K16ac is required for ROS-dependent virulence adaptation of Phytophthora sojae on host plants. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 122(1): e2413127122.

Regeneration of Bellevalia pseudolongipes Karabacak & Yıldırım Under in Vitro Conditions

Authors

DOI:

Keywords:

Abstract

References

Downloads

Published

How to Cite

Issue

Section

License

Make a Submission

Language

Keywords