The Determination of Protoplast Culture’s Efficiency with Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and Grass Pea (Lathyrus sp.) Species Grown in Vitro Conditions
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https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15956728Keywords:
Cicer arietinum L., Ascochyta rabiei Labr., in vitro, protoplastAbstract
Anthracnose (Ascochyta rabiei Labr.) disease, which causes significant economic damage in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivation, is widespread in Türkiye, particularly in Central Anatolia. Literature studies suggest that Lathyrus species can serve as a valuable source of tolerance against this disease. Since conventional hybridization between chickpea and grass pea species has been unsuccessful, this study aimed to determine the success of protoplast fusion as a cellular hybridization method. Four different chickpea cultivars (Azkan, Aksu, Göktürk, and Bahadır) and three Lathyrus genotypes (L. cicera, L. sativus (B), and L. sativus (S)) were germinated under in vitro conditions. Protoplast yield was evaluated using different explant sources, including radicle, plumule, and radicle + plumule. The highest protoplast yield was obtained from L. cicera × Göktürk chickpea hybrid (25 × 10⁵ protoplast g⁻¹), while the lowest yield was recorded in L. sativus (S) × Aksu chickpea hybrid (2.5 × 10⁵ protoplast g⁻¹). Among explant sources, the highest protoplast yield was found in radicle + plumule combinations (23.8 × 10⁵ protoplast g⁻¹), whereas the lowest was in radicle explants (2.5 × 10⁵ protoplast g⁻¹). These results suggest that radicle + plumule explant sources enhance protoplast fusion efficiency and increase the probability of obtaining heterokaryons with desired characteristics.
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