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Harran Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü, Şanlıurfa
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Ceylanpınar Tarım İşletmesi Müdürlüğü, Ceylanpınar, Şanlıurfa
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the yield and quality performance of different sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivars and genotypes under arid conditions of the Southeastern Anatolia Region. The experiment was carried out in 2024 at the fields of the Ceylanpınar Agricultural Enterprise Directorate (TİGEM) in Şanlıurfa, Türkiye. A total of 20 sunflower genotypes, consisting of 10 registered cultivars and 10 candidate genotypes, were used as plant material. The trial was established under rainfed conditions according to a randomized complete block design with four replications. Phenological traits such as days to 50% flowering and 90% maturity, plant height, head diameter, seed set rate, thousand seed weight, seed yield per plant, plot yield, seed yield per unit area, and quality parameters including oil and protein content were evaluated. The results revealed statistically significant differences among genotypes for all examined traits (p<0.01). Seed yield ranged from 21.63 to 84.67 kg da⁻¹, with the highest values obtained from SUN 2259 CL (84.67 kg da⁻¹) and P64 LE 145 (75.61 kg da⁻¹). These genotypes exhibited superior adaptation to drought-prone environments. Thousand seed weight varied between 32.75 and 48.55 g, and the highest value was recorded in SUN 2259 CL. In terms of oil content, GRANİT, DÜET CL, and P64 LP 146 were prominent, whereas TTAE 2022 64, LG 5542, and SY CHELSEA showed higher protein content, indicating their advantage in nitrogen use efficiency and protein synthesis under water-limited conditions. In conclusion, identifying sunflower genotypes that combine high yield and quality under arid conditions is of great importance for region-specific breeding programs. SUN 2259 CL and P64 LE 145 are recommended for yield-oriented production, while TTAE 2022 64, LG 5542, and SY CHELSEA are promising materials for quality-focused breeding studies.
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Vefa DİLER
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