1
Çukurova University, Biotechnology Research and Application Center, Adana
Abstract
Gynura aurantiaca, commonly known as purple passion vine (also called purple velvet plant) is an ornamental species belonging to the Asteraceae family, recognized for its striking purplish foliage. While primarily cultivated as an indoor ornamental plant, its reported antioxidant potential, often linked in the literature to anthocyanin compounds, has increased interest in biotechnological applications. This study evaluated the effects of the alternative iron source FeEDDHA on callus induction and plant conversion from leaf explants under in vitro conditions. The standard iron source FeEDTA (100 µM) served as the control. Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium was supplemented with FeEDDHA at 100, 200, 400, and 800 µM. Parameters assessed included callus formation percentage, callus weight, callus area, organogenesis rate, and plant conversion rate. FeEDDHA at 200 µM yielded the highest callus formation, biomass, and area, whereas the highest plant conversion rate was obtained at 100 µM. In contrast, 800 µM markedly reduced callus formation and plant conversion, with complete inhibition in some replicates. Structures obtained during the callus and organogenesis stages were transferred to hormone-free MS medium, where 74% of explants treated with 100 µM FeEDDHA developed into fully rooted plantlets. Overall, precise iron dose optimization is critical: FeEDDHA outperformed FeEDTA at appropriate concentrations, with 200 µM optimal for callus formation/biomass and 100 µM optimal for plant conversion. These findings highlight the importance of iron source selection in micropropagation protocols.
EROL, M. H. (2026). Effects of Different Concentrations of FeEDDHA on Callus Induction and Plant Conversion in Gynura aurantiaca. ISPEC Journal of Agricultural Sciences. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18069548
📄Alavijeh, M.K., 2025. Introducing an efficient protocol for micropropagation of high quality ‘MD2’ pineapple; novel insights into iron form effects on in vitro plantlet quality. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 60: 103720.
📄Al-Mayahi, A., 2021. In vitro plant regeneration system for date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.): effect of chelated iron sources. Journal of Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, 19: 1–12.
📄Azad, M.A., Amin, M.N., 2017. In vitro regeneration and ex vitro establishment of an antidiabetic plant Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr. International Journal of Advanced Research in Botany, 3: 6–15.
📄Christensen, B., Sriskandarajah, S., Serek, M., Müller, R., 2008. In vitro culture of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.: influence of iron, calcium and BAP on establishment and multiplication. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 93(2): 151–161.
📄Cui, J., Wei, X., Deng, M., Chen, J., 2019. Regeneration of Gynura aurantiaca ‘Purple Passion’ via indirect shoot organogenesis. Scientia Horticulturae, 246: 176–181.
📄Do, T.V.T., Suhartini, W., Mutabazi, F., Mutukumira, A.N., 2020. Gynura bicolor DC. (Okinawa spinach): a comprehensive review on nutritional constituents, phytochemical compounds, utilization, health benefits, and toxicological evaluation. Food Research International, 134: 109222.
📄Fehér, A., 2023. A common molecular signature indicates the pre-meristematic state of plant calli. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(17): 13122.
📄Irum, S., Jabeen, N., Ahmad, K., Shafique, S., Khan, T., Gul, H., Anwaar, S., Shah, N., Mehmood, A., Hussain, S., 2020. Biogenic iron oxide nanoparticles enhance callogenesis and regeneration pattern of recalcitrant Cicer arietinum L. PLoS One, 15(12): e0242829.
📄Khajeh, H., Fazeli, F., Mazariel, A., 2021. Effects of culture medium and concentration of different growth regulators on organogenesis of damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill). Journal of Plant Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, 1(1): 1–10.
📄Mostafiz, S., Wagiran, A., 2018. Efficient callus induction and regeneration in selected indica rice. Agronomy, 8(5): 77.
📄Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bio assays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiologia Plantarum, 15(3): 473–497.
📄Myerson, J., Krul, W., 1982. Stability of growth and morphological changes in Gynura aurantiaca plants regenerated from callus. HortScience, 17(1): 80–82.
📄Nurokhman, A., Faizah, H., Sugiharto, S., Utami, E.S.W., Manuhara, Y.S.W., 2019. Effect of plant growth regulator and explant types on in vitro callus induction of Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr. Research Journal of Biotechnology, 14(9): 102–107.
📄Pesce, P.G., Rugini, E., 2004. Influence of plant growth regulators, carbon sources and iron on the cyclic secondary somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration of transgenic cherry rootstock ‘Colt’ (Prunus avium × P. pseudocerasus). Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 79(2): 223–232.
📄Seti, L., 2022. Callus regeneration of Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr. in vitro. Jurnal Biologi UNAND, 10(1): 15–22.
📄Trejgell, A., Libront, I., Tretyn, A., 2012. The effect of Fe-EDDHA on shoot multiplication and in vitro rooting of Carlina onopordifolia Besser. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 34(5): 2051–2055.
📄Ullah, J., Gul, A., Khan, I., Shehzad, J., Kausar, R., Ahmed, M., Batool, S., Hasan, M., Ghorbanpour, M., Mustafa, G., 2024. Green synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles as a potential regulator of callus growth, plant physiology, antioxidative and microbial contamination in Oryza sativa L. BMC Plant Biology, 24(1): 939.
📄Zawadzka, M., Orlikowska, T., 2006. The influence of FeEDDHA in red raspberry cultures during shoot multiplication and adventitious regeneration from leaf explants. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 85(2): 145–149.