Development of Pathogen Ascochyta Species of Wild Legumes in Different Media
Abstract views: 180
/ 
PDF downloads: 151
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8355452Keywords:
Ascochyta spp., wild legumes, morphological characterization, plant pathology, plant genetic sources, mediaAbstract
Ascochyta spp., which are plant fungal pathogens in the order Ascomycota infect many legume species, causing Ascochyta blight disease and serious yield and quality loss in plants. The disease agent causes typical necrosis and cell death in the aboveground parts of the plant. Wild forms of many legumes, which are among the plants infected by Ascochyta spp., are important genetic resources in the domestication process and are very important in terms of genetic diversity. Genetic resources are affected and destroyed by abiotic effects such as erosion, flood, fire, etc., natural disasters, and by biotic effects from some important plant pathogens, such as Ascochyta spp. Since it also affects cultivated plants and causes serious yield losses, it is necessary to obtain more information about the development process and conidia formation ability of Ascochyta spp., which evolved together with the wild form of the plant during the cultivation process. In this study, it was observed whether 107 isolates of Ascochyta spp. isolated from Vicia spp., Pisum sativum, Lens spp. and Lathyrus spp. developed hyphae and formed conidia in different media [potato dextrose agar (PDA), chickpea seed meal dextrose agar (CSMDA), potato dextrose broth (PDB)]. While 32, 10, 7 and 8 of the isolates of Vicia spp., Pisum sativum, Lens spp. and Lathyrus spp., inoculated in PDA medium, exhibited hyphal growth, and 18, 5, 10 and 6 formed conidia as well as hyphal growth. All of the conidia-forming and non conidia-forming isolates in PDA were also inoculated in CSMDA medium, and 24, 5, 10, and 10 of the isolates formed hyphal growth, respectively, while 26, 10, 7, and 4 formed conidia as well as hyphal growth. It was observed that 11, 3, 5 and 2 isolates formed conidia in both media (PDA and CSMDA). Of the 54 isolates of Vicia spp. (25), Pisum sativum (9), Lens spp. (13) and Lathyrus spp. (7) grown in PDB medium, 14, 5, 8, and 5 exhibited only hyphal growth, and 11, 4, 5, and 2 showed only conidial growth, respectively. It is thought that the data obtained may form a basis for studies in the field of plant diseases.
References
Ahmed, H., Chang, K.F., Hwang, S.F., Fu, H., Zhou, Q., Strelkov, S., Conner, R., Gossen, B., 2015. Morphological characterization of fungi associated with the ascochyta blight complex and pathogenic variability of Mycosphaerella pinodes on field pea crops in central Alberta. The Crop Journal, 3(1): 10-18.
Ahmed, S., Abang, M.M., Maalouf, F., 2016. Integrated management of Ascochyta blight (Didymella fabae) on faba bean under Mediterranean conditions. Crop Protection, 81: 65-69.
Akveç, O., Demirel, Ö., Kafadar, F.N., Can, C., 2018. Determination of Didymella rabiei as quantitatively in infected chickpea plants. International Congress on Vocational Technical Sciences-III, Conference Abstract Book, 21-22 June, Gaziantep, p. 989-990.
Al-Maaroof, E.M., Salih, R.M., 2022. Physiological and molecular characterization of Ascochyta rabiei isolates from various chickpea areas across IKR, Iraq. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 53(2): 297-314.
Ali, S.R., Iqbal, S.M., Iqbal, U., Ghafoor, A., Akram, A., 2009. Pathogenic diversity in Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Lib., of chickpea. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 41(1): 413-419.
Altınok, H.H., Can, C., Demirel, Ö., Yüksel, G., 2023. Identification and virulence of fusarium wilt and fusarium crown root rot disease agents from tomato greenhouses in mediterranean climate. International Journal of Agriculture and Wildlife Science. 9(1): 36-49.
Atik, O., Baum, M., El‐Ahmed, A., Ahmed, S., Abang, M.M., Yabrak, M.M., Murad, S., Kabbabeh, S., Hamwieh, A., 2011. Chickpea Ascochyta blight: disease status and pathogen mating type distribution in Syria. Journal of Phytopathology, 159(6): 443-449.
Aydın, M.H., 2016. A diseases of lentil of increasing importance in the Southeastern Anatolia Region; Ascochyta Blight. Turkey 6th Plant Protection Congress with International Participation. Conference Abstract Book, 05-08 September, Konya, pp. 762.
Baite, M.S.D.S., Singh, B., 2016. Morphological variability in the Indian isolates of Ascochyta rabiei causing blight in chickpea and evaluation of chickpea cultivars. Indian Journal of Plant Protection, 44(1): 74-82.
Barilli, E., Cobos, M.J., Rubiales, D., 2016. Clarification on host range of Didymella pinodes the causal agent of pea Ascochyta blight. Frontiers in Plant Science, 7: 592.
Basandrai, A.K., Pande, S., Kishore, G.K., Crouch, J.H., Basandrai, D., 2005. Cultural, morphological and pathological variation in Indian isolates of Ascochyta rabiei, the chickpea blight pathogen. The Plant Pathology Journal, 21(3): 207-213.
Benzohra, I.E., Bendahmane, B.S., Labdi, M., Benkada, M.Y., 2013. Sources of resistance in chickpea germplasm to three pathotypes of Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Labr. in Algeria. World Applied Sciences Journal, 21(6): 873-878.
Bessada, S.M., Barreira, J.C., Oliveira, M.B.P., 2019. Pulses and food security: dietary protein, digestibility, bioactive and functional properties. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 93: 53-68.
Bradley, D.J., Gilbert, G.S., Martiny, J.B., 2008. Pathogens promote plant diversity through a compensatory response. Ecology Letters, 11(5): 461-469.
Bulat, F., Sarı D., Sarı, H., Eker, T., Özay, H., Toker, C., 2023. Molecular identification of ascochyta blight of Cicer montbretii Jaub. & Spach. Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences, 36(1): 7-12.
Chasti, F., Wani, T.A., Bhat, F.A., Khan, M.A., Maqbool, S., Bhat, M.A., 2022. Evaluation of pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes against Ascochyta pisi.
Çapa, B., 2022. Elma mavi küf (Penicillium expansum) hastalık etmeninin glukoz, sukroz ve vitamin C’ye karşı duyarlılıklarının belirlenmesi. Doktora Tezi, Harran Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Şanlıurfa.
Demirel, Ö., Akveç, O., Can, C., 2022. A current overview of plant biotechnology. Euroasia Journal of Mathematics, Engineering, Natural Medical Sciences. 9(20): 110-149.
Endes, A., 2021. Influence of culture media, temperature, pH and light regime on mycelial growth of Ascochyta rabiei. International Journal of Agriculture Forestry and Life Sciences, 5(1): 87-93.
FAOSTAT, (2021). Food and agricultural organization of the United Nations. (https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#home), (Erişim tarihi: 12.07.2023).
Foresto, E., Carezzano, M.E., Giordano, W., Bogino, P., 2023. Ascochyta blight in chickpea: an update. Journal of Fungi, 9(2): 203.
Gikas, G.D., Parlakidis, P., Mavropoulos, T., Vryzas, Z., 2022. Particularities of fungicides and factors affecting their fate and removal efficacy: a review. Sustainability, 14(7): 4056.
Gilbert, G.S., Webb, C.O., 2007. Phylogenetic signal in plant pathogen–host range. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104(12): 4979-4983.
Gowen, S.R., 1986. Investigation into variability in Ascochyta rabiei and resistance to the disease in chickpea. Report of Project R3712 funded by Overseas Development Administration and Done in Collaboration with the International Centre for Agriculture Research in Dry Areas, University of Reading, UK.
Grewal, J.S., 1984. Evidence of physiologic races in Ascochyta rabiei of chickpea. In: M.C. Saxena, K.B. Singh (Eds), Proceedings of the Workshop on Ascochyta Blight and Wintering of Chickpeas. ICARDA, Aleppo, Syria, pp. 55-65.
Güneş, H., Demirel, Ö., Calayır, O., Demir, S., Can, C., 2022. Innovative technologies in sustainable agriculture. 8th International Agriculture Congress. Conference Abstract Book, 26-29 October, Ankara, pp. 66.
Kahraman, A., 2023. Evaluation of legume farming in Turkey and agricultural sustainability. Legume Research-An International Journal, 46(2): 166-170.
Kaiser, W.J., 1973. Factors affecting growth, sporulation, pathogenicity, and survival of Ascochyta rabiei. Mycologia, 65(2): 444-457.
Kaur, S., 1995. Phytotoxicity of solanapyrones produced by the fungus Ascochyta rabiei and their possible role in blight of chickpea (Cicer arietinum). Plant Science, 109(1): 23-29.
Keçeli, A., 2023. The changes in susceptibility status of the old and of the newly registered chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars with respect to the blight disease caused by the pathotypes of Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Labr. Poljoprivreda, 29(1): 20-26.
Kızılok, H., Ceyhan, D.İ., Güneş, S., Talapov, T., Demirel, Ö., Dedecan, O., Can, C., 2019. Fusarium wilting factor in lentils Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis biological control of lentis. 1th International Congress on Sustainable Agriculture and Technology (INCSAT). Conference Abstract Book, 01-03 April, Gaziantep, pp. 547.
Kosiada, T., 2012. In-vitro growth of some species of Ascochyta Lib. Open Life Sciences, 7(6): 1076-1083.
Maden, S., 2007. Nohutla Fusarium solgunluğu (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris) ve Ascochyta yanıklığının (Ascochyta rabiei) moleküler yöntemlerle hızlı tanısı, patotiplerinin ayrımı, moleküler karakterizasyonları. Ankara Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Sonuç Raporu. 1-24.
Mahiout, D., Bendahmane, B.S., Benkada, M.Y., Rickauer, M., 2015. Physiological characterisation of Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Lab. isolated from diseased chickpea fields in six regions of northwestern Algeria. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, 15: 1136-1146.
Manjunatha, L., Saabale, P.R., Srinivasa, N., Bandi, S., Singh, S., Kumar, K., 2021. Molecular characterization and development of sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker for detection of Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Labr., infecting chickpea. Indian Phytopathology, 1-9.
Manjunatha, L., Saabale, P.R., Srivastava, A.K., Dixit, G.P., Yadav, L.B., Kumar, K., 2018. Present status on variability and management of Ascochyta rabiei infecting chickpea. Indian Phytopathology, 71: 9-24.
Markell, S., Wise, K., McKay, K., Goswami, R., Gudmestad, N., 2008. Plant disease management. NDSU Extension Service. North Dakota State University Fargo, North Dakota, 58-105.
Morkunas, I., Ratajczak, L., 2014. The role of sugar signaling in plant defense responses against fungal pathogens. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 36: 1607-1619.
Nalcaci, N., Turan, A., Basbuga, S., Kafadar, F.N., Isler Ceyhan, D., Anay, A., Mart, D., Ogut, E., Sarpkaya, K., Can C., 2021. Virulence and mating type distribution of Didymella rabiei in chickpea growing areas of Turkey. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 23(1): 209-220.
Nene, Y.L., 1982. A review of Ascochyta blight of chickpea. International Journal of Pest Management, 28(1): 61-70.
Obuseng, V.C., Moshoeshoe, M.N., Nareetsile, F.M., Kwaambwa, H., Maina, I., 2022. Plant biomass as potential economic commodities for agricultural purposes. Frontiers in Chemistry, 10: 806772.
Oguiba, B., Karkachi, N., Suárez-Estrella, F., Haouhach, S., Kihal, M., López, M. J., 2023. Ascochyta blight (Ascochyta fabae) of faba bean (Vicia faba L.): phenotypic and molecular characterization, pathogenicity and in vitro biological control by Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. Archives of Biological Sciences, 75(1): 103-117.
Ozkilinc, H., Frenkel, O., Abbo, S., Eshed, R., Sherman, A., Shtienberg, D., Ophir, R., Can, C., 2010. A comparative study of Turkish and Israeli populations of Didymella rabiei, the ascochyta blight pathogen of chickpea. Plant pathology, 59(3): 492-503.
Pande, S., Siddique, K.H.M., Kishore, G. K., Bayaa, B., Gaur, P.M., Gowda, C.L.L., Bretag, T.W., Crouch, J.H., 2005. Ascochyta blight of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.): a review of biology, pathogenicity, and disease management. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 56(4): 317-332.
Polatbilek, H., Akveç, O., Kafadar, F.N., Mart, D., Can, C., 2017. Towards determining Didymella rabiei from infected chickpea seeds with RT-PCR analyses. International DNA Day and Genome Congress, Conference Abstract Book, 24-28 April, Kırşehir, pp. 182.
Rajpal, V.R., Singh, A., Kathpalia, R., Thakur, R.K., Khan, M.K., Pandey, A., Hamurcu, M., Raina, S.N., 2023. The prospects of gene introgression from crop wild relatives into cultivated lentil for climate change mitigation. Frontiers in Plant Science, 14: 1127239.
Ray, D.K., Gerber, J.S., MacDonald, G.K., West, P.C., 2015. Climate variation explains a third of global crop yield variability. Nature Communications, 6(1): 5989.
Rehman, A., Farooq, M., Lee, D.J., Siddique, K.H., 2022. Sustainable agricultural practices for food security and ecosystem services. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(56): 84076-84095.
Rhaiem, A., Chérif, M., Peever, T.L., Dyer, P.S., 2008. Population structure and mating system of Ascochyta rabiei in Tunisia: evidence for the recent introduction of mating type 2. Plant Pathology, 57(3): 540-551.
Rubiales, D., Khazaei, H., 2022. Advances in disease and pest resistance in faba bean. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 135(11): 3735-3756.
Salgotra, R.K., Chauhan, B.S., 2023. Genetic diversity, conservation, and utilization of plant genetic resources. Genes, 14(1): 174.
Schmit, J.P., 2002. Tradeoffs between reproduction and mycelium production in the unit-restricted decomposer Coprinus cinereus. Mycologia, 94(1): 40-48.
Sharma, G., Pandey, R.R., 2010. Influence of culture media on growth, colony character and sporulation of fungi isolated from decaying vegetable wastes. Journal of Yeast and Fungal Research, 1(8): 157-164.
Singh, R., Kumar, K., Purayannur, S., Chen, W., Verma, P.K., 2022. Ascochyta rabiei: a threat to global chickpea production. Molecular Plant Pathology, 23(9): 1241-1261.
Stoddard, F.L., Nicholas, A.H., Rubiales, D., Thomas, J., Villegas-Fernández, A.M., 2010. Integrated pest management in faba bean. Field Crops Research, 115(3): 308-318.
Talapov, T., Gunes, N., Bagriyanik, Z., Demirel, O., Dedecan, O., Uygun, A.E., Akvec, O., Kahraman, A., Kamphuis, L., Can, C., 2023. The first report of Ascochyta rabiei infections on endemic Turkish populations of Cicer bijugum and C. turcicum. Plant Disease.
Treindl, A.D., Stapley, J., Leuchtmann, A., 2023. Genetic diversity and population structure of Epichloe fungal pathogens of plants in natural ecosystems. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 11: 1129867.
Udupa, S.M., Weigand, F., 1997. Pathotyping of Ascochyta rabiei isolates of Syria. DNA Markers and Breeding for Resistance to Ascochyta Blight in Chickpea. Proceedings of the Symposium on “Application of DNA Fingerprinting for Crop Improvement: Marker-assisted Selection of Chickpea for Sustainable Agriculture in the Dry Areas”. ICARDA, Aleppo, Syria, pp. 39-48.
Vail, S., Banniza, S., 2008. Structure and pathogenic variability in Ascochyta rabiei populations on chickpea in the Canadian prairies. Plant Pathology, 57(4): 665-673.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 ISPEC Journal of Agricultural Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
