Determination of Bioactive Compounds in Different Parts of Sıyırma Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria)
Abstract views: 103
/ 
PDF downloads: 48
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12738106Keywords:
Phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, Siyirma gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), organic acids, sugarsAbstract
Sıyırma gourd, a variety of bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family, is a locally grown plant that is widespread in the Kilis and Gaziantep regions of Turkey. This plant is known for its wide range of uses and significant nutritional values. This study investigated the phenolic compounds, organic acids, sugars and antioxidant activities in different parts of Sıyırma gourd (flesh, peel, leaves, seeds and flowers). The leaves showed the highest total phenolic content (25.12 mg GAE g-1) and antioxidant activity (60.23 μmol TEAC g-1). The peel (18.34 mg GAE g-1 and 45.74 μmol TEAC g-1), seeds (20.49 mg GAE g-1 and 50.88 μmol TEAC g-1) and flowers (15.75 mg GAE g-1 and 40.36 μmol TEAC g-1) also showed considerable phenolic content and antioxidant activity. The flowers were rich in succinic acid (35,952.35 µg g-1). Sugar analyses showed that the pulp had the highest concentrations of fructose (9,155.62 µg g-1) and glucose (10,503.37 µg g-1). These results indicate that Sıyırma gourd contains important health-promoting compounds and that its different parts may have beneficial effects on health. This study aimed to understand the nutritional and health values of locally grown Sıyırma gourd and identify potential applications. In addition, the study suggests that the promotion of this local product could increase the added value of regional agricultural products and provide economic benefits to local farmers.
References
Ali, A., Ahmed, S., Khan, S., 2018. Grape peel as a source of malic and Tartaric acid. Journal of Food Science, 45(3): 567-572.
Banana, R., Johnson, K., Davis, T., 2018. Sugar content in banana fruit and peel. Journal of Agricultural Science, 12(4): 89-97.
Behera, T.K., Sureja, A.K., Islam, S., Munshi, A.D., Sidhu, A.S., 2012. Minor cucurbits. Genetics, Genomics and Breeding of Cucurbits, 17-60.
Brdar-Jokanović, M., Ljevnaić-Mašić, B., López, M. D., Schoebitz, M., Martorell, M., Sharifi-Rad, J., 2024. A comprehensive review on Lagenaria siceraria: botanical, medicinal, and agricultural frontiers. Nutrire, 49(1): 1-18.
Castro-Concha, L.A., Tuyub-Che, J., Moo-Mukul, A., Vazquez-Flota, F.A., Miranda-Ham, M.L., 2014. Antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content of Capsicum chinense jacq. (habanero pepper) in fruit tissues at different stages of ripening. The Scientific World Journal, 25: 23-30.
Coşkun, P., İnci, H., 2020. Propolisin kimyasal içeriği ile antibakteriyel, antiviral ve antioksidan aktivitesi. ISPEC Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(4): 1053–1070.
Cruz-Cárdenas, C.I., Miranda-Ham, M.L., Castro-Concha, L.A., Ku-Cauich, J.R., Vergauwen, R., Reijnders, T., Escobedo-GraciaMedrano, R.M., 2015. Fructans and other water soluble carbohydrates in vegetative organs and fruits of different Musa spp. accessions. Frontiers in Plant Science, 6: 395.
Çakır Ç.A., Ergenekon, M., 2021. Impcat of adding terebinth at different ratios on the physical, chemical, sensory properties and antioxidant activity of ice cream. ISPEC Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 5(3): 704–713.
Erenler, R., Atalar, M.N., Yıldız, İ., Geçer, E. N., 2023. Quantitative analysis of bioactive compounds by LC-MS/MS from Inula graveolens. Bütünleyici ve Anadolu Tıbbı Dergisi, 4(3): 3-10.
Erol, Ü.H., Arpaci, B.B., 2023. Farklı gelişim dönemlerindeki biber meyvelerinin türlere göre morfolojik ve fizikokimyasal değişimleri. Alatarım, 22(1): 8-17.
Gallardo-Guerrero, L., Pérez-Gálvez, A., Aranda, E., Mínguez-Mosquera, M.I., Hornero-Méndez, D., 2010. Physicochemical and microbiological characterization of the dehydration processing of red pepper fruits for paprika production. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 43(9): 1359-1367.
Griffiths, K., Aggarwal, B.B., Singh, R.B., Buttar, H.S., Wilson, D., De Meester, F., 2016. Food antioxidants and their anti-inflammatory properties: a potential role in cardiovascular diseases and cancer prevention. Diseases, 4(3): 28-35.
Gümüş, P., Erol, Ü.H., 2023. Comparison of fatty acid profile and quality properties of commercial apricot (Prunus armeniaca) kernel oils. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 13(4): 2646-2654.
Hagos, M., Chandravanshi, B.S., Redi-Abshiro, M., Yaya, E.E., 2023. Determination of total phenolic, total flavonoid, ascorbic acid contents and antioxidant activity of pumpkin flesh, peel and seeds. Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia, 37(5): 1093-1108.
Hussain, A., Kausar, T., Sehar, S., Sarwar, A., Ashraf, A.H., Jamil, M.A., Majeed, M.A., 2022. A comprehensive review of functional ingredients, especially bioactive compounds present in pumpkin peel, flesh and seeds, and their health benefits. Food Chemistry Advances, 1: 100067.
Katare, C., Saxena, S., Agrawal, S., Joseph, A. Z., Subramani, S.K., Yadav, D., Prasad, G. B.K.S., 2014. Lipid-lowering and antioxidant functions of bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) extract in human dyslipidemia. Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine, 19(2): 112-118.
Kaur, S., Panghal, A., Garg, M.K., Mann, S., Khatkar, S.K., Sharma, P., Chhikara, N., 2020. Functional and nutraceutical properties of pumpkin–a review. Nutrition & Food Science, 50(2): 384-401.
Kjellenberg, L., Johansson, E., Gustavsson, K. E., Olsson, M.E., 2012. Polyacetylenes in fresh and stored carrots (Daucus carota): relations to root morphology and sugar content. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 92(8): 1748-1754.
Korkmaz, A., Atasoy, A.F., Hayaloglu, A.A., 2020. Changes in volatile compounds, sugars and organic acids of different spices of peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) during storage. Food Chemistry, 311: 125910.
Li, J., Yan, J., Tang, B., Luo, J., Yang, Q., Luo, Q., Li, H., 2010. Phenolic profiles and antioxidant activity of Cucurbita pepo leaf and flower. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 4(21): 2178-2183.
Magalhães, M.L., Ionta, M., Ferreira, G.Á., Campidelli, M.L.L., Nelson, D.L., Ferreira, V.R.F., Cardoso, M.D.G., 2020. Biological activities of the essential oil from the Moro orange peel (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck). Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 35(3): 294-301.
Mkhize, P., Mashilo, J., Shimelis, H., 2021. Progress on genetic improvement and analysis of bottle gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standly.] for agronomic traits, nutrient compositions, and stress tolerance: A review. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 5: 683635.
Mungofa, N., Sibanyoni, J.J., Mashau, M.E., Beswa, D., 2022. Prospective role of indigenous leafy vegetables as functional food ingredients. Molecules, 27(22): 7995.
Nath, D., Banerjee, P., Shaw, M., Mukhopadhyay, M.K., 2017. Bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria). Fruit and Vegetable Phytochemicals: Chemistry and Human Health, 2nd Edition, 909-920.
Nookaraju, A., Upadhyaya, C.P., Pandey, S. K., Young, K.E., Hong, S.J., Park, S.K., Park, S.W., 2010. Molecular approaches for enhancing sweetness in fruits and vegetables. Scientia Horticulturae, 127(1): 1-15.
Palamthodi, S., Lele, S.S., 2014. Nutraceutical applications of gourd family vegetables: Benincasa hispida, Lagenaria siceraria and Momordica charantia. Biomedicine & Preventive Nutrition, 4(1): 15-21.
Palma, M., Barroso, C.G., 2002. Ultrasound-assisted extraction and determination of tartaric and malic acids from grapes and winemaking by-products. Analytica Chimica Acta, 458(1): 119-130.
Peiretti, P.G., Meineri, G., Gai, F., Longato, E., Amarowicz, R., 2017. Antioxidative activities and phenolic compounds of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) seeds and amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus) grain extracts. Natural Product Research, 31(18): 2178-2182.
Peng, M., Lu, D., Liu, J., Jiang, B., Chen, J., 2021. Effect of roasting on the antioxidant activity, phenolic composition, and nutritional quality of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) seeds. Frontiers in Nutrition, 8: 647354.
Priori, D., Valduga, E., Villela, J.C.B., Mistura, C.C., Vizzotto, M., Valgas, R.A., Barbieri, R.L., 2016. Characterization of bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity and minerals in landraces of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) cultivated in Southern Brazil. Food Science and Technology, 37: 33-40.
Re, R., Pellegrini, N., Proteggente, A., Pannala, A., Yang, M., Rice-Evans, C., 1999. Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 26(9-10): 1231-1237.
Saavedra, T., Gama, F., Rodrigues, M.A., Abadía, J., de Varennes, A., Pestana, M., Correia, P.J., 2022. Effects of foliar application of organic acids on strawberry plants. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 188: 12-20.
Stryjecka, M., Krochmal-Marczak, B., Cebulak, T., Kiełtyka-Dadasiewicz, A., 2023. Assessment of phenolic acid content and antioxidant properties of the pulp of five pumpkin species cultivated in southeastern Poland. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(10): 8621.
Uçan Türkmen, F., Yapıcı, K., Osman, E., Koyuncu, G., 2024. Molehiya (Corchorus olitorius L.) ve Altın otu (Helichrysum arenarium L.) ekstraktlarının fitokimyasal içerikleri, antioksidan ve antibakteriyel özellikleri ile fenolik bileşenlerinin belirlenmesi. Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi, 28(1): 131-145.
Uçan Türkmen, F., Koyuncu, G., Sarıgüllü Önalan, F. E., Erol, Ü.H., 2023. Kilis’te sebze olarak tüketilen Erodium cicutarium (L.) L’Hér.’un metanol ekstraktının antioksidan ve antibakteriyal aktiviteleri, fenolik bileşimi ile aroma bileşiklerinin belirlenmesi. Karadeniz Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 13(4): 1460-1475.
Yanmaz, R., 2015. Türkiye’nin kabakları. Tarım Türk Dergisi, 68-73.
Zahin, M., Aqil, F., Ahmad, I., 2009. The in vitro antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of four Indian medicinal plants. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1(1): 88-95.
Zahoor, I., Ganaie, T.A., Wani, S.A., 2023. Effect of microwave-assisted convective drying on physical properties, bioactive compounds, antioxidant potential and storage stability of red bell pepper. Food Chemistry Advances, 3: 100440.
Zhang, Y., Lu, P., Jin, H., Cui, J., Miao, C., He, L., Zhang, H., 2023. Integrated secondary metabolomic and antioxidant ability analysis reveals the accumulation patterns of metabolites in Momordica charantia L. of different cultivars. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(19): 14495.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 The copyright of the published article belongs to its author.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
